In a cooperative, which action does NOT require a 3/4 vote by members entitled to vote?

• A. Removal of an officer
• B. Amendment of articles of cooperation
• C. Ratification of disloyalty by a director
• D. Merger or consolidation

Answer: (B)

The key idea being tested is when a cooperative requires a supermajority (three-quarters) of voting members to approve a action. Such a high threshold is reserved for fundamental changes to the cooperative’s structure or governance, not routine personnel decisions.

Removing an officer falls into the realm of internal personnel actions. It is governed by the cooperative’s by-laws and can typically be decided by a majority vote or by the board, depending on those rules. It does not alter the cooperative’s charter, membership structure, or major governance framework, so it does not routinely require a 3/4 vote.

In contrast, amending articles of cooperation, ratifying disloyalty by a director, and pursuing a merger or consolidation all represent substantial, structural changes to the organization. These kinds of actions are the ones that commonly require a supermajority to protect the cooperative’s stability and the rights of its members.